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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal factors CLKs' awareness of their own resistance to change and the relationship advantages they were able to draw from were significant. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as an important reason for them to choose to avoid expressing criticism of the strictness of a professor (see example 2). This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean until 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs) The discourse completion test is a common instrument in pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, but it also has some disadvantages. The DCT for instance, does not take into account individual and cultural variations. Additionally, the DCT can be biased and could cause overgeneralizations. It is essential to analyze it carefully before it is used in research or assessment. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability of the DCT in two or more stages to influence social variables that affect politeness could be a benefit. This ability can be used to study the effect of prosody across cultural contexts. In the field of linguistics DCT is among the most effective tools used for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study a variety of issues such as the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical selection. It can be used to determine phonological complexity in learners in their speech. Recent research has used an DCT as tool to evaluate the ability to resist of EFL students. Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from and were then asked to select the most appropriate response. The authors discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other methods for refusing, such as a questionnaire or video recordings. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other data collection methods. DCTs are usually designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like content and form. These criteria are based on intuition and based on the assumptions of test creators. They aren't always precise, and they could be misleading about the way ELF learners actually reject requests in actual interactions. This issue calls for more investigation into alternative methods of measuring refusal competence. A recent study compared DCT responses to requests made by students via email versus those obtained from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCT was more direct and traditionally form-based requests, and a lesser use of hints than the email data did. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study investigated Chinese learners' choices in their use of Korean by using a range of experimental tools, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs at the upper-intermediate level who responded to DCTs, MQs, and RIs. They were also asked to consider their evaluations and refusal responses in RIs. The results showed that CLKs were more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms, and their choices were influenced by four major factors that included their personalities, their multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories, and relationship benefits. These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data was first analyzed to determine the participants' choices in practice. 프라그마틱 슈가러쉬 were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were compared to their linguistic performance in the DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. In addition, the interviewees were asked to explain their choices of behavior in a particular situation. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. had me going was found that the CLKs frequently used the use of euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” and “thank you.” This was likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language which led to an insufficient knowledge of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that the CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For example, in Situation 3 and 12, the CLKs preferred to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs revealed that CLKs knew about their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within a period of two days of participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two coders from different companies. The coding process was an iterative process, in which the coders discussed and read each transcript. The results of the coding process are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine if they captured the underlying pragmatic behavior. Refusal Interviews (RIs) The central problem in the field of pragmatic research is: Why do certain learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? A recent study attempted to answer this question by employing a variety of research tools, such as DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. Participants included 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. 프라그마틱 슬롯 추천 were required to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or their L2. They were then invited to an RI where they were asked to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT situation. The results showed that CLKs, on average, did not adhere to the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40% of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they could create patterns that resembled native ones. In addition, they were conscious of their own pragmatism. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal variables such as their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, such as relationships and benefits. For example, they described how their relationships with professors helped facilitate more relaxed performance with respect to the linguistic and intercultural standards of their university. However, the interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences that they could be subjected to if they strayed from the local social norms. They were worried that their native friends would think they are “foreigners” and believe they are unintelligent. This concern was similar in nature to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These findings suggest that native-speakers' pragmatic norms are not the norm for Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should consider reassessing the applicability of these tests in various cultural contexts and specific situations. This will allow them to better understand the effects of different cultural contexts on the pragmatic behavior and classroom interactions of L2 students. Furthermore it will assist educators to create more effective methods to teach and test korea pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor to Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul. Case Studies The case study method is a method that employs intensive, participant-centered research to investigate a specific topic. This method makes use of multiple data sources, such as interviews, observations, and documents to prove its findings. This type of investigation can be used to examine specific or complicated issues that are difficult to other methods to assess. The first step in conducting a case study is to define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help determine which aspects of the subject are important for research and which can be omitted. It is also helpful to review the existing literature to gain a general knowledge of the subject and place the case in a larger theoretical context. This case study was built on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50] as well as its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this experiment revealed that L2 Korean learners were highly dependent on the influence of native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answers which were literal interpretations. This was a deviation from accurate pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency of adding their own text or “garbage” to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their answers. The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had attained level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to reach level six by their next attempt. They were asked questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding and their understanding of the world. Interviewees were presented with two scenarios that involved interaction with their interlocutors and asked to choose one of the strategies below to use when making demands. They were then asked to provide the reasons behind their decision. Most of the participants attributed their rational opposition to their personality. For example, TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to, and therefore did not want to inquire about the health of her interlocutors despite having an intense workload despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would do so.